Showing posts with label Arduino basic. Show all posts

2021/09/04

VSCODE Arduino Can't select programmer

I've made a video tutorial on how to use Arduino + VSCODE for a better coding environment.

One of YouTube visitor asked why he can't select Arduino Programmer. 13:53 in the video
I did a bit experiment and found out that for ESP8266 & EPS32, you can't select Arduino Programmer. I'm not sure if this is a bug or Arduino extension intended. I then plugged a Arduino Nano, then the programmer shown correctly.

Here is how to solve the problem, if you are use ESP8266 or ESP32:

On the left hand side, click "arduino.json" to edit the file.

Add this line: "programmer":"arduino:avrisp",

Example:

{

"sketch": "ESP32-Robot-car\\ESP32-Robot-car.ino",

"configuration": "CPUFreq=240,FlashMode=qio,FlashFreq=80",

"board": "esp32:esp32:esp32cam",

"port": "COM3",

"programmer": "arduino:avrisp",

"output": "../build"

}

Then this config the programmer for your boards. Hope this helped!

The End.

VSCODE + Arduino - 無法選擇 Programmer: AVISP

上方的VSCODE + Arduino 影片教學是之前的作的. 有網友詢問, 為何在 13:53 秒左右,
影片中的 Select Programmer 時, 清單確是空的?

我後來試了發現 ESP8266/ESP32-S 真的不會出現 programmer list, 但是你改用 Nano, Mini Pro應該就會出現了.

解決方法:

在左手邊的 arduino.json 自行加入 "programmer":"arduino:avrisp",

範例:

{

"sketch": "ESP32-Robot-car\\ESP32-Robot-car.ino",

"configuration": "CPUFreq=240,FlashMode=qio,FlashFreq=80",

"board": "esp32:esp32:esp32cam",

"port": "COM3",

"programmer": "arduino:avrisp",

"output": "../build"

}

這樣子你就不用選擇 Arduino Programmer 了! 希望這樣能夠解決這個問題.

Testing Arduino POV (Persistent of Vision) | 試試 Arduino POV (視覺暫留)

I have been attracted to Arduino POV^[1] for quite a while, but I didn't have a chance to actually make it myself. Luckily, I found this easy to follow Arduino POV tutorial^[2] on Instructable.com and within an hour, my son and me made two Arduino POV sets and have fun for the entire afternoon.

Material needed for this tutorial:

Arduino Nano * 1 (All other kinds of Arduino board will do)
LED * 7
220 resistor * 7
Jump wire ~ up to 10 (female to male)
Prefboard * 1
Battery pack (If you would like have fun without tethered with USB)

Easy Wire Connection as follow:

LED1 ~ LED7 negative pin to Prefboard GND
Prefboard to Nano(or Uno) GND pin
LED1 ~ LED7 postive pin to Nano(or Uno) D2 ~ D8 pin
USB power to Nano USB port to supply power (or use a battery back to supply power)

Schematic: (I use www.tinkercad.com to draw this schematic below, just in case you interested.)

This is a fun a easy project! First, just connect LED cathode(negative) and resistors on the prefboard.

Then Preboard GND to Arduino Nano GND.

Then connect these LED positive pins to Arduino Nano.

As you can see in the picture below, I'v used Arduino Nano. It's lighter and smaller for portable devices. I made the Red one and my son have choose the Green.

Programming logic:
When anyone sees an image, the image stays in the retina of the eyes for roughly 1/16th seconds. We can utilize the particular physical characteristic of human eyes, to crate the Arduino POV project. The basic idea is when we want to show a letter, Arduino shows each column of a letter at a time to form the letter to eyes.

See the illustration below on how to show a letter 'H'. First, Arduino displays column 1 to light up all 7 LEDs at timing 1. While column 1 image stays in human eyes, Arduino shows 2nd column, then 3, 4, and 5th columns at their respectively timing 2~5. Since all these images stays in human eyes temporarily, we will see the letter 'H'.

Actual LED image captured:

Arduino code here:
Just copy and past into Arduino IDE and it should work.
*Change your own message in the variable msgBody and remember to change msgLength*

/*
 Written by Ahmad Saeed on 22 August 2015
 
 This code is capable of displaying the following characters;
 0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ .-_!%&#$,()@?
*/ 

//////////////////// Message to Customize  ///////////////////
#define msgLength 11                                       ///
String msgBody = "This is POV";                            ///
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////




#define delayInChar 3
#define delayBetweenChar 5
#define LED1 2
#define LED2 3
#define LED3 4
#define LED4 5
#define LED5 6
#define LED6 7
#define LED7 8

byte msgCode[(5 * msgLength) + 10];
boolean pintState;
int columnNum = -1;
String charToWrite;

void setup() {
  msgBody.toUpperCase();
  pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED5, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED6, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED7, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
//// Convert all text to binary array ////////////////////////
  if ( columnNum == -1 ) // This block needs to be done once//
  {                                                         //
    for (int c = 0; c < (msgBody.length()); c++)  {         //
      //Separate the following character                    //
      charToWrite = msgBody.substring(c, c + 1);            //
      //Send the separated characted to addChar function    //
      addChar(charToWrite);                                 //
    }                                                       //
      //Add a little space after each character             //
    addChar(" ");                                           //
    addChar(" ");                                           //
  }                                                         //  
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//// Display the binary arrays after all characters are coded //
  for (int c = 0; c < (sizeof(msgCode)); c++)  {              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B1000000) % B10;                //
    digitalWrite(LED1, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B100000) % B10;                 //
    digitalWrite(LED2, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B10000) % B10;                  //
    digitalWrite(LED3, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B1000) % B10;                   //
    digitalWrite(LED4, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B100) % B10;                    //
    digitalWrite(LED5, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    pintState = (msgCode[c] / B10) % B10;                     //
    digitalWrite(LED6, pintState);                            // 
                                                              //
    pintState = msgCode[c] % B10;;                            //
    digitalWrite(LED7, pintState);                            //
                                                              //
    delay(delayInChar);                                       //
    // if the character is finished, take a longer off period //
    if ((c + 1) % 5 == 0 ) {                                  //
      digitalWrite(LED1, LOW);                                //
      digitalWrite(LED2, LOW);                                //
      digitalWrite(LED3, LOW);                                //
      digitalWrite(LED4, LOW);                                //
      digitalWrite(LED5, LOW);                                // 
      digitalWrite(LED6, LOW);                                //
      digitalWrite(LED7, LOW);                                //
      delay(delayBetweenChar);                                //
    }                                                         //
  }                                                           //
                                                              //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
}     


void addChar(String y) {
  if (y == "1") {
    addColumn(B0010001);
    addColumn(B0100001);
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
  }
  else if (y == "2") {
    addColumn(B0100001);
    addColumn(B1000011);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0110001);
  }
  else if (y == "3") {
    addColumn(B0100010);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0110110);
  }
  else if (y == "4") {
    addColumn(B0001100);
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B0100100);
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0000100);
  }
  else if (y == "5") {
    addColumn(B1110010);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B1001110);
  }
  else if (y == "6") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0100110);
  }
  else if (y == "7") {
    addColumn(B1000000);
    addColumn(B1000111);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1010000);
    addColumn(B1100000);
  }
  else if (y == "8") {
    addColumn(B0110110);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0110110);
  }
  else if (y == "9") {
    addColumn(B0110010);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0111110);
  }
  else if (y == "0") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B0111110);
  }
  else if (y == "A") {
    addColumn(B0011111);
    addColumn(B0100100);
    addColumn(B1000100);
    addColumn(B1000100);
    addColumn(B1111111);
  }
  else if (y == "B") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0110110);
  }
  else if (y == "C") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B0100010);
  }
  else if (y == "D") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B0111110);
  }
  else if (y == "E") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
  }
  else if (y == "F") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1000000);
  }
  else if (y == "G") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B0100110);
  }
  else if (y == "H") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B1111111);
  }
  else if (y == "I") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "J") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000010);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1111110);
  }
  else if (y == "K") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B0100010);
    addColumn(B1000001);
  }
  else if (y == "L") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
  }
  else if (y == "M") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0100000);
    addColumn(B0011000);
    addColumn(B0100000);
    addColumn(B1111111);
  }
  else if (y == "N") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B0010000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0000100);
    addColumn(B1111111);
  }
  else if (y == "O") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B0111110);
  }
  else if (y == "P") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B0110000);
  }
  else if (y == "Q") {
    addColumn(B0111100);
    addColumn(B1000010);
    addColumn(B1000010);
    addColumn(B1000010);
    addColumn(B0111101);
  }
  else if (y == "R") {
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B1001100);
    addColumn(B1001010);
    addColumn(B0110001);
  }
  else if (y == "S") {
    addColumn(B0110010);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0100110);
  }
  else if (y == "T") {
    addColumn(B1000000);
    addColumn(B1000000);
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1000000);
    addColumn(B1000000);
  }
  else if (y == "U") {
    addColumn(B1111110);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B1111110);
  }
  else if (y == "V") {
    addColumn(B1111100);
    addColumn(B0000010);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000010);
    addColumn(B1111100);
  }
  else if (y == "W") {
    addColumn(B1111110);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000110);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B1111110);
  }
  else if (y == "X") {
    addColumn(B1100011);
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B1100011);
  }
  else if (y == "Y") {
    addColumn(B1110000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0001111);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B1110000);
  }
  else if (y == "Z") {
    addColumn(B1000011);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B1000011);
  }
  else if (y == "Z") {
    addColumn(B1000011);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1010001);
    addColumn(B1000011);
  }
  else if (y == " ") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == ".") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000011);
    addColumn(B0000011);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "_") {
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
    addColumn(B0000001);
  }
  else if (y == "-") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "!") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B1111101);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "(") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000001);
  }
  else if (y == ")") {
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "%") {
    addColumn(B1100010);
    addColumn(B1100100);
    addColumn(B0001000);
    addColumn(B0010011);
    addColumn(B0100011);
  }
  else if (y == ",") {
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000101);
    addColumn(B0000110);
    addColumn(B0000000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "?") {
    addColumn(B0100000);
    addColumn(B1000101);
    addColumn(B1001000);
    addColumn(B0110000);
    addColumn(B0000000);
  }
  else if (y == "#") {
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B0010100);
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B0010100);
  }
  else if (y == "@") {
    addColumn(B0111110);
    addColumn(B1000001);
    addColumn(B1011101);
    addColumn(B1011101);
    addColumn(B0111000);
  }
  else if (y == "$") {
    addColumn(B0110010);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B1111111);
    addColumn(B1001001);
    addColumn(B0100110);
  }
}

void addColumn(byte x) {
  columnNum += 1;
  msgCode[columnNum] = (x);
}

Image captured with my POV set:

Image captured with my son's POV set:

How to capture the image:

I used HTC U11 to shot these photos. First, you have change HTC camera to Pro mode and set the exposure time to greater than 2 seconds to capture this image. Hold the Arduino POV set steadily on one hand and move the POV set slowly towards to left from right. I believe any camera with Bulb exposure time greater than 2 seconds should be able to capture this image.

That's all for this tutorial. See you next time!

Article feferences:

Done.

==== 中文版本 ====

自從我看個幾個 Arduino POV^[1] 專案之後，一直想自己試試做一個來玩玩，但一直有點懶惰，遲遲沒有動手。最近看到一篇很簡單的教學 Arduino POV tutorial^[2] ，剛好兒子也在家，我們決定一起動手來做一個來玩。只需約一小時，我們就各自做了一組 Arduino POV，而且整個下午都在試著不同的字串及拿著 HTC U11 拍出很一些有趣的照片。這是一個很好的親子活動的安排哩！現在就看著這篇教學一起動手吧！

這篇教學所需材料:

Arduino Nano * 1 (Nano, Pro mini, Uno 都可以)
LED * 7
220 歐姆電阻 * 7
杜邦線 ~ 約 10條 (母對母)
洞洞板 * 1
電池盒 (不用連接USB，可以更方便的玩，但可有可無)

接線方式:

LED1 ~ LED7 負級 to 220 歐姆電阻
電阻 to Nano(or Uno) GND
LED1 ~ LED7 正級 to Nano(or Uno) D2 ~ D8 腳位
USB 電源接 Nano USB 來提供電源 (這可以用電池盒來取代)

電路圖: (我是用 www.tinkercad.com 來製作這張電路圖)

這真的是一個很簡單又好玩的範例!

道先, 先把 LED 負級連到220歐姆的電阻再由電阻連接到洞洞板的負極上。

接著，把LED 1 ～ 7 的正極接到 Arduino 上的 D2 ~ D8 腳位上。

我這次是使用了 Arduino Nano，因為它的體積比較小。下圖中可以看到我們做了兩組，我做了紅色的這組，我兒子則做了綠色的這一組。

程式的邏輯如下:
原理是當我們看到一個影像時，這個影像會暫留在視網膜上約 1/16 秒。當影像一個接著一個的顯示後，我們即會看到好像是數個影像的重疊，這些重疊的影像看起來就會形成一幅影像；卡通或動畫即是這樣的原理。Arduino POV 就是利用同樣的原理。

看下例如何顯示 H 字母。首先，Arduino 在 Time 1 顯示了欄位 1 的 7 個 LED，然後 Arduino 在 Time 2 ~ 5 個別的顯示欄位 2 ~ 5。由於每個欄位都會在視網膜上暫留，我們就可以在到字母 'H'。

你可以參考這幾個字母放大後的影像如下：

Arduino 程式碼在上方，直接拷貝就可以使用:

*如果你要改變顯示的字串，請記得改變 msgBody 字串以及 msgLength 的字串長度*

下方是我用 HTC U11 照出來的 POV 照片:

這張是用我兒子那一組所拍下來的POV照片。

如何照下 Arduino POV 的照片:

我是使用 HTC U11 來拍攝這些照片的。首先，你必需把手機設定到 PRO 模式，然後選定曝光時間到 2 秒以上才能拍的出來。拍攝時，拿著洞洞板，把 LED 朝相機方向，慢慢的由左到右的移動。不過，任何可以選定手動曝光到 2 秒以上的相機應該都可以拍的。

這就是這次的Arduino 範例，下次見！

文章參考：

2017/09/03

Test PIR Sensor with Arduino | PIR 感應器

In this tutorial, I would like to show you how to make a PIR sensor to work with Arduino. PIR stands for Passive Infrared sensor. What it does is to measure infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view.

A frequently use case is installing a PIR sensor at the hall way and whenever PIR sensor detects people walk towards the hall way, then the PIR sensor turn on the light. Please refer to Wikipedia for more information about PIR.

Material needed for this tutorial:

Arduino Nano * 1 (All other kinds of Arduino board will do)
PIR sensor * 1
Buzzer * 1
LED * 1 (You may just utilize the LED on Arduino Nano)
220 resistor * 1 (No need you use the LED on Arduino Nano)
Jump wire ~ up to 10 (female to female)

Wire Connection as follow:

PIR Ground pin to Nano(or Uno) GND pin
PIR Power pin to Nano +5V pin
PIR data pin to Nano D2 pin
LED ground to Nano GND pin
LED power pin to 220K resistor pin
220K resistor pin to Nano pin 13
Buzzer postive pin to Nano D8 pin
Buzzer ground pin to Nano GND pin

Schematic: (I use www.tinkercad.com to draw this schematic below, just in case you interested.)

Programming logic:
Once the PIR sensor detects objects entered to its detection range, light up LED and sound the Buzzer for one second.

Arduino code here:

#define NOTE_C5  523
const int PIRSensor = 2;
const int ledPin =  13;
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
  pinMode(PIRSensor, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
sensorValue = digitalRead(PIRSensor);

if (sensorValue == HIGH) {

    // Object detected, turn on LED, sound the buzzer for 1 second
    tone(8, NOTE_C5);
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
    delay(1000);
}else{
    // No object detected, turn off LED, mute the buzzer
    noTone(8);
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}

See the demo on Youtube:

Done.
==== 中文版本 ==========================================
這次的教學, 我想試試看 Arduino 的 PIR 感測器. PIR 是被動式感應器的縮寫. 它可以偵測在它的視線內從物體發射出的紅外線.

最常使用到 PIR 感測器的地方就是不常有人經過的地方，當有人經過時，PIR 感測器感應到紅外線就會把燈打開。請參考維基百科的資訊。

這次教學所需的材料：

Arduino Nano * 1 (其他 Arduino 板子也可以)
PIR 偵測器 * 1
蜂鳴器 * 1
LED * 1 (也可以使用 Arduino Nano 上的內建 LED)
220 電阻 * 1 (若使用 Arduino Nano 上的內建 LED就不需要)
杜邦線大約十個 (母對母)

連線方式:

PIR Ground pin to Nano(or Uno) GND pin
PIR Power pin to Nano +5V pin
PIR data pin to Nano D2 pin
LED ground to Nano GND pin
LED power pin to 220K resistor pin
220K resistor pin to Nano pin 13
Buzzer postive pin to Nano D8 pin
Buzzer ground pin to Nano GND pin

線路圖: (我是使用 www.tinkercad.com 來會畫這張線路圖, 如果你有興趣可以參考一下)

程式邏輯:
很簡單，當 PIR 感測器在他的視線內感應到紅外線, 將 LED 和蜂鳴器開啟一秒鐘.

Arduino 程式碼在這：

#define NOTE_C5  523
const int PIRSensor = 2;
const int ledPin =  13;
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
  pinMode(PIRSensor, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
sensorValue = digitalRead(PIRSensor);

if (sensorValue == HIGH) {

    // Object detected, turn on LED, sound the buzzer for 1 second
    tone(8, NOTE_C5);
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
    delay(1000);
}else{
    // No object detected, turn off LED, mute the buzzer
    noTone(8);
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}

看看Youtube上的示範：